Expert Commentary

Sleep and psychiatric disorders show important bidirectional relationships

Michael Sateia, MD

Section of Sleep Medicine
Dartmouth Medical School
Lebanon, NH

 

Disturbances in sleep quality, quantity, and timing are associated with numerous mood and psychiatric disorders and are often a factor in their development, exacerbation, and/or persistence. In turn, psychiatric disorders tend to complicate the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. The present review explores the practical clinical aspects of the associations between psychiatric and sleep disorders, the bidirectional relationship that exists between them, and available therapeutic options (eg, pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy). Here, Dr. Sateia discusses the relationship between psychiatric and mood disorders, their treatments, and sleep impairment. Specific discussion is given to insomnia’s relationship with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, circadian rhythm disorders and mental health, and obstructive sleep apnea’s relationship with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Dr Sateia suggests that concomitant treatment of both sleep and psychiatric disorders as effective therapy that should become the standard in patient care.

References

  1. Ohayon MM. Prevalence of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of insomnia: distinguishing insomnia related to mental disorders from sleep disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 1997;31:333–346
  2. Pigeon WR, Hegel M, Unutzer J, et al. Is insomnia a perpetuating factor for late-life depression in the IMPACT cohort? Sleep. 2008;31:482–488
  3. Sateia MJ. Update on sleep and psychiatric disorders. Chest. 2009;135:1370-1379.

 

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